diff --git a/bench.ce b/bench.ce
index 6ef077bb..6cef42e5 100644
--- a/bench.ce
+++ b/bench.ce
@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ def MAX_BATCH_SIZE = 100000000 // 100M iterations max per batch
 // Statistical functions
 function median(arr) {
   if (arr.length == 0) return 0
-  var sorted = arr.slice().sort(function(a, b) { return a - b })
-  var mid = number.floor(arr.length / 2)
+  var sorted = sort(arr)
+  var mid = floor(arr.length / 2)
   if (arr.length % 2 == 0) {
     return (sorted[mid - 1] + sorted[mid]) / 2
   }
@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ function stddev(arr, mean_val) {
 
 function percentile(arr, p) {
   if (arr.length == 0) return 0
-  var sorted = arr.slice().sort(function(a, b) { return a - b })
-  var idx = number.floor(arr.length * p / 100)
+  var sorted = sort(arr)
+  var idx = floor(arr.length * p / 100)
   if (idx >= arr.length) idx = arr.length - 1
   return sorted[idx]
 }
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ function calibrate_batch_size(bench_fn, is_batch) {
   if (dt > 0 && dt < TARGET_SAMPLE_NS && is_number(n) && is_number(dt)) {
     var calc = n * TARGET_SAMPLE_NS / dt
     if (is_number(calc) && calc > 0) {
-      var target_n = number.floor(calc)
+      var target_n = floor(calc)
       // Check if floor returned a valid number
       if (is_number(target_n) && target_n > 0) {
         if (target_n > MAX_BATCH_SIZE) target_n = MAX_BATCH_SIZE
@@ -376,20 +376,20 @@ function run_single_bench(bench_fn, bench_name) {
   // Calculate ops/s from median
   var ops_per_sec = 0
   if (median_ns > 0) {
-    ops_per_sec = number.floor(1000000000 / median_ns)
+    ops_per_sec = floor(1000000000 / median_ns)
   }
 
   return {
     name: bench_name,
     batch_size: batch_size,
     samples: SAMPLES,
-    mean_ns: number.round(mean_ns),
-    median_ns: number.round(median_ns),
-    min_ns: number.round(min_ns),
-    max_ns: number.round(max_ns),
-    stddev_ns: number.round(stddev_ns),
-    p95_ns: number.round(p95_ns),
-    p99_ns: number.round(p99_ns),
+    mean_ns: round(mean_ns),
+    median_ns: round(median_ns),
+    min_ns: round(min_ns),
+    max_ns: round(max_ns),
+    stddev_ns: round(stddev_ns),
+    p95_ns: round(p95_ns),
+    p99_ns: round(p99_ns),
     ops_per_sec: ops_per_sec
   }
 }
@@ -397,17 +397,17 @@ function run_single_bench(bench_fn, bench_name) {
 // Format nanoseconds for display
 function format_ns(ns) {
   if (ns < 1000) return `${ns}ns`
-  if (ns < 1000000) return `${number.round(ns / 1000 * 100) / 100}µs`
-  if (ns < 1000000000) return `${number.round(ns / 1000000 * 100) / 100}ms`
-  return `${number.round(ns / 1000000000 * 100) / 100}s`
+  if (ns < 1000000) return `${round(ns / 1000 * 100) / 100}µs`
+  if (ns < 1000000000) return `${round(ns / 1000000 * 100) / 100}ms`
+  return `${round(ns / 1000000000 * 100) / 100}s`
 }
 
 // Format ops/sec for display
 function format_ops(ops) {
   if (ops < 1000) return `${ops} ops/s`
-  if (ops < 1000000) return `${number.round(ops / 1000 * 100) / 100}K ops/s`
-  if (ops < 1000000000) return `${number.round(ops / 1000000 * 100) / 100}M ops/s`
-  return `${number.round(ops / 1000000000 * 100) / 100}G ops/s`
+  if (ops < 1000000) return `${round(ops / 1000 * 100) / 100}K ops/s`
+  if (ops < 1000000000) return `${round(ops / 1000000 * 100) / 100}M ops/s`
+  return `${round(ops / 1000000000 * 100) / 100}G ops/s`
 }
 
 // Run benchmarks for a package
@@ -525,7 +525,7 @@ log.console(`Benchmarks: ${total_benches} total`)
 
 // Generate reports
 function generate_reports() {
-  var timestamp = text(number.floor(time.number()))
+  var timestamp = text(floor(time.number()))
   var report_dir = shop.get_reports_dir() + '/bench_' + timestamp
   testlib.ensure_dir(report_dir)
 
diff --git a/benchmarks/binarytree.ce b/benchmarks/binarytree.ce
index c317a2e3..aa6d7877 100644
--- a/benchmarks/binarytree.ce
+++ b/benchmarks/binarytree.ce
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 function mainThread() {
-  var maxDepth = number.max(6, Number(arg[0] || 16));
+  var maxDepth = max(6, Number(arg[0] || 16));
 
   var stretchDepth = maxDepth + 1;
   var check = itemCheck(bottomUpTree(stretchDepth));
diff --git a/benchmarks/eratosthenes.ce b/benchmarks/eratosthenes.ce
index 025bbb94..408e35f7 100644
--- a/benchmarks/eratosthenes.ce
+++ b/benchmarks/eratosthenes.ce
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ var math = use('math/radians')
 
 function eratosthenes (n) {
   var sieve = blob(n, true)
-  var sqrtN = number.whole(math.sqrt(n));
+  var sqrtN = whole(math.sqrt(n));
 
   for (i = 2; i <= sqrtN; i++)
     if (sieve.read_logical(i))
diff --git a/benchmarks/js_perf.ce b/benchmarks/js_perf.ce
index 4db1e304..aa12c60a 100644
--- a/benchmarks/js_perf.ce
+++ b/benchmarks/js_perf.ce
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ function benchStringOps() {
   
   var joinTime = measureTime(function() {
     for (var i = 0; i < iterations.complex; i++) {
-      var result = strings.join(",");
+      var result = text(strings, ",");
     }
   });
   
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ function benchArithmetic() {
     var result = 1.5;
     for (var i = 0; i < iterations.simple; i++) {
       result = math.sine(result) + math.cosine(i * 0.01);
-      result = math.sqrt(number.abs(result)) + 0.1;
+      result = math.sqrt(abs(result)) + 0.1;
     }
   });
   
diff --git a/benchmarks/nota.ce b/benchmarks/nota.ce
index c2aed58c..39fb42b7 100644
--- a/benchmarks/nota.ce
+++ b/benchmarks/nota.ce
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@ for (var i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
 // Calculate statistics
 function getStats(arr) {
     def avg = arr.reduce((a, b) => a + b) / arr.length;
-    def min = number.min(...arr);
-    def max = number.max(...arr);
+    def min = min(...arr);
+    def max = max(...arr);
     return { avg, min, max };
 }
 
diff --git a/benchmarks/wota.ce b/benchmarks/wota.ce
index 14aad1f6..79b0936f 100644
--- a/benchmarks/wota.ce
+++ b/benchmarks/wota.ce
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ def benchmarks = [
   {
     name: "Large Array (1k numbers)",
     // A thousand random numbers
-    data: [ Array.from({length:1000}, (_, i) => i * 0.5) ],
+    data: [ array(1000, i => i *0.5) ],
     iterations: 1000
   },
   {
diff --git a/benchmarks/wota_nota_json.ce b/benchmarks/wota_nota_json.ce
index f9ef5bbb..c4f750c8 100644
--- a/benchmarks/wota_nota_json.ce
+++ b/benchmarks/wota_nota_json.ce
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ def benchmarks = [
   },
   {
     name: "large_array",
-    data: [ Array.from({length:1000}, (_, i) => i) ],
+    data: [ array(1000, i => i) ],
     iterations: 1000
   },
 ];
@@ -171,13 +171,13 @@ var bench = benchmarks.find(b => b.name == scenario_name);
 
 if (!lib) {
   log.console('Unknown library:', lib_name);
-  log.console('Available libraries:', libraries.map(l => l.name).join(', '));
+  log.console('Available libraries:', text(libraries.map(l => l.name), ', '));
   $stop()
 }
 
 if (!bench) {
   log.console('Unknown scenario:', scenario_name);
-  log.console('Available scenarios:', benchmarks.map(b => b.name).join(', '));
+  log.console('Available scenarios:', text(benchmarks.map(b => b.name), ', '));
   $stop()
 }
 
diff --git a/build.ce b/build.ce
index 08aa9f89..5c92889b 100644
--- a/build.ce
+++ b/build.ce
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ if (!target) {
 
 if (target && !build.has_target(target)) {
   log.error('Invalid target: ' + target)
-  log.console('Available targets: ' + build.list_targets().join(', '))
+  log.console('Available targets: ' + text(build.list_targets(), ', '))
   $stop()
 }
 
diff --git a/build.cm b/build.cm
index c86efd75..5416def4 100644
--- a/build.cm
+++ b/build.cm
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ Build.build_package = function(pkg, target = Build.detect_host_target(), exclude
 // Compute link key from all inputs that affect the dylib output
 function compute_link_key(objects, ldflags, target_ldflags, target, cc) {
   // Sort objects for deterministic hash
-  var sorted_objects = objects.slice().sort()
+  var sorted_objects = sort(objects)
 
   // Build a string representing all link inputs
   var parts = []
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ function compute_link_key(objects, ldflags, target_ldflags, target, cc) {
     parts.push('target_ldflag:' + target_ldflags[i])
   }
 
-  return content_hash(parts.join('\n'))
+  return content_hash(text(parts, '\n'))
 }
 
 // Build a dynamic library for a package
@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ Build.build_static = function(packages, target = Build.detect_host_target(), out
     var pkg_dir = shop.get_package_dir(pkg)
     
     // Deduplicate based on the entire LDFLAGS string for this package
-    var ldflags_key = pkg + ':' + ldflags.join(' ')
+    var ldflags_key = pkg + ':' + text(ldflags, ' ')
     if (!seen_flags[ldflags_key]) {
       seen_flags[ldflags_key] = true
       for (var j = 0; j < ldflags.length; j++) {
diff --git a/cellfs.cm b/cellfs.cm
index a43eed70..e3ab894c 100644
--- a/cellfs.cm
+++ b/cellfs.cm
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ function stat(path) {
 
 // Get search paths
 function searchpath() {
-  return mounts.slice()
+  return array(mounts)
 }
 
 // Mount a package using the shop system
diff --git a/clone.ce b/clone.ce
index e87ca9ff..746206e3 100644
--- a/clone.ce
+++ b/clone.ce
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ try {
     
     // Skip the first directory (repo-commit prefix)
     parts.shift()
-    var rel_path = parts.join('/')
+    var rel_path = text(parts, '/')
     var full_path = target_path + '/' + rel_path
     var dir_path = full_path.substring(0, full_path.lastIndexOf('/'))
     
diff --git a/config.ce b/config.ce
index 101b8fe4..ca67c73e 100644
--- a/config.ce
+++ b/config.ce
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ switch (command) {
         'reply_timeout', 'actor_max', 'stack_max'
       ]
       if (!valid_system_keys.includes(path[1])) {
-        log.error("Invalid system key. Valid keys: " + valid_system_keys.join(', '))
+        log.error("Invalid system key. Valid keys: " + text(valid_system_keys, ', '))
         $stop()
         return
       }
diff --git a/docs/index.md b/docs/index.md
index a56857da..78a7e2b8 100644
--- a/docs/index.md
+++ b/docs/index.md
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ cell hello
 ## Standard Library
 
 - [text](library/text.md) — string manipulation
-- [number](library/number.md) — numeric operations
+- [number](library/number.md) — numeric operations (functions are global: `floor()`, `max()`, etc.)
 - [array](library/array.md) — array utilities
 - [object](library/object.md) — object utilities
 - [blob](library/blob.md) — binary data
diff --git a/docs/library/number.md b/docs/library/number.md
index c0a30826..dcdcc319 100644
--- a/docs/library/number.md
+++ b/docs/library/number.md
@@ -46,98 +46,98 @@ number("0xff", "j")     // 255
 
 ## Methods
 
-### number.abs(n)
+### abs(n)
 
 Absolute value.
 
 ```javascript
-number.abs(-5)   // 5
-number.abs(5)    // 5
+abs(-5)   // 5
+abs(5)    // 5
 ```
 
-### number.sign(n)
+### sign(n)
 
 Returns -1, 0, or 1.
 
 ```javascript
-number.sign(-5)  // -1
-number.sign(0)   // 0
-number.sign(5)   // 1
+sign(-5)  // -1
+sign(0)   // 0
+sign(5)   // 1
 ```
 
-### number.floor(n, place)
+### floor(n, place)
 
 Round down.
 
 ```javascript
-number.floor(4.9)      // 4
-number.floor(4.567, 2) // 4.56
+floor(4.9)      // 4
+floor(4.567, 2) // 4.56
 ```
 
-### number.ceiling(n, place)
+### ceiling(n, place)
 
 Round up.
 
 ```javascript
-number.ceiling(4.1)      // 5
-number.ceiling(4.123, 2) // 4.13
+ceiling(4.1)      // 5
+ceiling(4.123, 2) // 4.13
 ```
 
-### number.round(n, place)
+### round(n, place)
 
 Round to nearest.
 
 ```javascript
-number.round(4.5)      // 5
-number.round(4.567, 2) // 4.57
+round(4.5)      // 5
+round(4.567, 2) // 4.57
 ```
 
-### number.trunc(n, place)
+### trunc(n, place)
 
 Truncate toward zero.
 
 ```javascript
-number.trunc(4.9)   // 4
-number.trunc(-4.9)  // -4
+trunc(4.9)   // 4
+trunc(-4.9)  // -4
 ```
 
-### number.whole(n)
+### whole(n)
 
 Get the integer part.
 
 ```javascript
-number.whole(4.9)   // 4
-number.whole(-4.9)  // -4
+whole(4.9)   // 4
+whole(-4.9)  // -4
 ```
 
-### number.fraction(n)
+### fraction(n)
 
 Get the fractional part.
 
 ```javascript
-number.fraction(4.75)  // 0.75
+fraction(4.75)  // 0.75
 ```
 
-### number.min(...values)
+### min(...values)
 
 Return the smallest value.
 
 ```javascript
-number.min(3, 1, 4, 1, 5)  // 1
+min(3, 1, 4, 1, 5)  // 1
 ```
 
-### number.max(...values)
+### max(...values)
 
 Return the largest value.
 
 ```javascript
-number.max(3, 1, 4, 1, 5)  // 5
+max(3, 1, 4, 1, 5)  // 5
 ```
 
-### number.remainder(dividend, divisor)
+### remainder(dividend, divisor)
 
 Compute remainder.
 
 ```javascript
-number.remainder(17, 5)  // 2
+remainder(17, 5)  // 2
 ```
diff --git a/fetch.ce b/fetch.ce
index ce33eefe..94ab7a7d 100644
--- a/fetch.ce
+++ b/fetch.ce
@@ -84,6 +84,6 @@ if (downloaded_count > 0) parts.push(`${text(downloaded_count)} downloaded`)
 if (cached_count > 0) parts.push(`${text(cached_count)} cached`)
 if (fail_count > 0) parts.push(`${text(fail_count)} failed`)
 if (parts.length == 0) parts.push("nothing to fetch")
-log.console("Fetch complete: " + parts.join(", "))
+log.console("Fetch complete: " + text(parts, ", "))
 
 $stop()
diff --git a/internal/engine.cm b/internal/engine.cm
index f8971208..f06053c2 100644
--- a/internal/engine.cm
+++ b/internal/engine.cm
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ function caller_data(depth = 0)
 }
 
 function console_rec(line, file, msg) {
-  return `[${_cell.id.slice(0,5)}] [${file}:${line}]: ${msg}\n`
+  return `[${text(_cell.id, 0, 5)}] [${file}:${line}]: ${msg}\n`
   // time: [${time.text("mb d yyyy h:nn:ss")}]
 }
 
diff --git a/internal/shop.cm b/internal/shop.cm
index 136c4596..497915d5 100644
--- a/internal/shop.cm
+++ b/internal/shop.cm
@@ -115,8 +115,8 @@ function split_explicit_package_import(path)
 
   // Find the longest prefix that is an installed package
   for (var i = parts.length - 1; i >= 1; i--) {
-    var pkg_candidate = parts.slice(0, i).join('/')
-    var mod_path = parts.slice(i).join('/')
+    var pkg_candidate = text(array(parts, 0, i), '/')
+    var mod_path = text(array(parts, i), '/')
     if (!mod_path || mod_path.length == 0) continue
 
     var candidate_dir = get_packages_dir() + '/' + safe_package_path(pkg_candidate)
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ function get_import_name(path)
 {
   var parts = path.split('/')
   if (parts.length < 2) return null
-  return parts.slice(1).join('/')
+  return text(array(parts, 1), '/')
 }
 
 // Given a path like 'prosperon/sprite' and a package context,
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ Shop.get_script_capabilities = function(path) {
 
 function inject_params(inject) {
   if (!inject || !inject.length) return ''
-  return ', ' + inject.join(', ')
+  return ', ' + text(inject, ', ')
 }
 
 function inject_values(inject) {
@@ -707,7 +707,7 @@ function resolve_module_info(path, package_context) {
   
   var c_resolve = resolve_c_symbol(path, package_context) || {scope:999}
   var mod_resolve = resolve_locator(path + '.cm', package_context) || {scope:999}
-  var min_scope = number.min(c_resolve.scope, mod_resolve.scope)
+  var min_scope = min(c_resolve.scope, mod_resolve.scope)
 
   if (min_scope == 999)
     return null
@@ -1104,7 +1104,7 @@ function install_zip(zip_blob, target_dir) {
     if (parts.length <= 1) continue
 
     parts.shift()
-    var rel_path = parts.join('/')
+    var rel_path = text(parts, '/')
     var full_path = target_dir + '/' + rel_path
     var dir_path = full_path.substring(0, full_path.lastIndexOf('/'))
 
diff --git a/list.ce b/list.ce
index 1190d177..ce8499d2 100644
--- a/list.ce
+++ b/list.ce
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ function print_deps(ctx, indent) {
     }
 
     if (status.length > 0) {
-      line += " [" + status.join(", ") + "]"
+      line += " [" + text(status, ", ") + "]"
     }
 
     log.console(line)
diff --git a/pack.ce b/pack.ce
index 17e616e2..9af2c260 100644
--- a/pack.ce
+++ b/pack.ce
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ if (args.length < 1) {
   log.error('  -t, --target <target> Cross-compile for target platform')
   log.error('  -b, --buildtype <type> Build type: release, debug, minsize (default: release)')
   log.error('')
-  log.error('Available targets: ' + build.list_targets().join(', '))
+  log.error('Available targets: ' + text(build.list_targets(), ', '))
   $stop()
   return
 }
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ for (var i = 1; i < args.length; i++) {
     log.console('  -t, --target <target> Cross-compile for target platform')
     log.console('  -b, --buildtype <type> Build type: release, debug, minsize (default: release)')
     log.console('')
-    log.console('Available targets: ' + build.list_targets().join(', '))
+    log.console('Available targets: ' + text(build.list_targets(), ', '))
     $stop()
   } else {
     log.error('Unknown option: ' + args[i])
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ for (var package of packages) {
   shop.extract(package)
 }
 
-log.console('Building static binary from ' + text(packages.length) + ' packages: ' + packages.join(', '))
+log.console('Building static binary from ' + text(packages.length) + ' packages: ' + text(packages, ', '))
 
 try {
   var result = build.build_static(packages, target, output_name, buildtype)
diff --git a/package.cm b/package.cm
index 7ca1d7f8..e8b4901e 100644
--- a/package.cm
+++ b/package.cm
@@ -6,9 +6,6 @@ var json = use('json')
 var os = use('os')
 var link = use('link')
 
-// Cache for loaded configs to avoid toml re-parsing corruption
-var config_cache = {}
-
 // Convert package name to a safe directory name
 // For absolute paths (local packages), replace / with _ 
 // For remote packages, keep slashes as they use nested directories
@@ -47,10 +44,6 @@ package.load_config = function(name)
 {
   var config_path = get_path(name) + '/cell.toml'
 
-  // Return cached config if available
-  if (config_cache[config_path])
-    return config_cache[config_path]
-
   if (!fd.is_file(config_path))
     throw Error(`${config_path} does not exist`)
 
@@ -63,10 +56,6 @@ package.load_config = function(name)
     return {}
   }
 
-  // Deep copy to avoid toml module's shared state bug and cache it
-  result = json.decode(json.encode(result))
-  config_cache[config_path] = result
-
   return result
 }
 
@@ -169,7 +158,7 @@ package.split_alias = function(name, path)
     var deps = config.dependencies
     if (deps && deps[first_part]) {
       var dep_locator = deps[first_part]
-      var remaining_path = parts.slice(1).join('/')
+      var remaining_path = text(array(parts, 1), '/')
       return { package: dep_locator, path: remaining_path }
     }
   } catch (e) {
diff --git a/pronto.cm b/pronto.cm
index 8ac7439b..0a3a8694 100644
--- a/pronto.cm
+++ b/pronto.cm
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ function parallel(requestor_array, throttle, need) {
       }
     }
 
-    def concurrent = throttle ? number.min(throttle, length) : length
+    def concurrent = throttle ? min(throttle, length) : length
     for (var i = 0; i < concurrent; i++) start_one()
 
     return cancel
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ function race(requestor_array, throttle, need) {
       }
     }
 
-    def concurrent = throttle ? number.min(throttle, length) : length
+    def concurrent = throttle ? min(throttle, length) : length
     for (var i = 0; i < concurrent; i++) start_one()
 
     return cancel
diff --git a/random.cm b/random.cm
index 18c46f75..1b7b5e7a 100644
--- a/random.cm
+++ b/random.cm
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ rnd.random_fit = function()
 
 rnd.random_whole = function(num)
 {
-  return number.floor(rnd.random() * num)
+  return floor(rnd.random() * num)
 }
 
 rnd.random_range = function(min,max)
diff --git a/resolve.ce b/resolve.ce
index 08fa752c..5df828bc 100644
--- a/resolve.ce
+++ b/resolve.ce
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ for (var i = 0; i < sorted.length; i++) {
   }
 
   if (status_parts.length > 0) {
-    line += " [" + status_parts.join(", ") + "]"
+    line += " [" + text(status_parts, ", ") + "]"
   }
 
   log.console(line)
@@ -183,10 +183,10 @@ for (var i = 0; i < sorted.length; i++) {
       if (cflags.length > 0 || ldflags.length > 0) {
         log.console(indent + "  Compilation inputs:")
         if (cflags.length > 0) {
-          log.console(indent + "    CFLAGS: " + cflags.join(' '))
+          log.console(indent + "    CFLAGS: " + text(cflags, ' '))
         }
         if (ldflags.length > 0) {
-          log.console(indent + "    LDFLAGS: " + ldflags.join(' '))
+          log.console(indent + "    LDFLAGS: " + text(ldflags, ' '))
         }
       }
     } catch (e) {
diff --git a/source/quickjs.c b/source/quickjs.c
index 4b04405a..a6101539 100644
--- a/source/quickjs.c
+++ b/source/quickjs.c
@@ -29533,170 +29533,6 @@ fail:
     return JS_EXCEPTION;
 }
 
-static JSValue js_array_from(JSContext *ctx, JSValueConst this_val,
-                             int argc, JSValueConst *argv)
-{
-    // from(items, mapfn = void 0, this_arg = void 0)
-    JSValueConst items = argv[0], mapfn, this_arg;
-    JSValueConst args[2];
-    JSValue iter, r, v, v2, arrayLike, next_method, enum_obj;
-    int64_t k, len;
-    int done, mapping;
-
-    mapping = FALSE;
-    mapfn = JS_NULL;
-    this_arg = JS_NULL;
-    r = JS_NULL;
-    arrayLike = JS_NULL;
-    iter = JS_NULL;
-    enum_obj = JS_NULL;
-    next_method = JS_NULL;
-
-    if (argc > 1) {
-        mapfn = argv[1];
-        if (!JS_IsNull(mapfn)) {
-            if (check_function(ctx, mapfn))
-                goto exception;
-            mapping = 1;
-            if (argc > 2)
-                this_arg = argv[2];
-        }
-    }
-    iter = JS_GetProperty(ctx, items, JS_ATOM_Symbol_iterator);
-    if (JS_IsException(iter))
-        goto exception;
-    if (!JS_IsNull(iter) && !JS_IsNull(iter)) {
-        if (!JS_IsFunction(ctx, iter)) {
-            JS_ThrowTypeError(ctx, "value is not iterable");
-            goto exception;
-        }
-        if (JS_IsConstructor(ctx, this_val))
-            r = JS_CallConstructor(ctx, this_val, 0, NULL);
-        else
-            r = JS_NewArray(ctx);
-        if (JS_IsException(r))
-            goto exception;
-        enum_obj = JS_GetIterator2(ctx, items, iter);
-        if (JS_IsException(enum_obj))
-            goto exception;
-        next_method = JS_GetProperty(ctx, enum_obj, JS_ATOM_next);
-        if (JS_IsException(next_method))
-            goto exception;
-        for (k = 0;; k++) {
-            v = JS_IteratorNext(ctx, enum_obj, next_method, 0, NULL, &done);
-            if (JS_IsException(v))
-                goto exception;
-            if (done)
-                break;
-            if (mapping) {
-                args[0] = v;
-                args[1] = JS_NewInt32(ctx, k);
-                v2 = JS_Call(ctx, mapfn, this_arg, 2, args);
-                JS_FreeValue(ctx, v);
-                v = v2;
-                if (JS_IsException(v))
-                    goto exception_close;
-            }
-            if (JS_DefinePropertyValueInt64(ctx, r, k, v,
-                                            JS_PROP_C_W_E | JS_PROP_THROW) < 0)
-                goto exception_close;
-        }
-    } else {
-        arrayLike = JS_ToObject(ctx, items);
-        if (JS_IsException(arrayLike))
-            goto exception;
-        if (js_get_length64(ctx, &len, arrayLike) < 0)
-            goto exception;
-        v = JS_NewInt64(ctx, len);
-        args[0] = v;
-        if (JS_IsConstructor(ctx, this_val)) {
-            r = JS_CallConstructor(ctx, this_val, 1, args);
-        } else {
-            r = js_array_constructor(ctx, JS_NULL, 1, args);
-        }
-        JS_FreeValue(ctx, v);
-        if (JS_IsException(r))
-            goto exception;
-        for(k = 0; k < len; k++) {
-            v = JS_GetPropertyInt64(ctx, arrayLike, k);
-            if (JS_IsException(v))
-                goto exception;
-            if (mapping) {
-                args[0] = v;
-                args[1] = JS_NewInt32(ctx, k);
-                v2 = JS_Call(ctx, mapfn, this_arg, 2, args);
-                JS_FreeValue(ctx, v);
-                v = v2;
-                if (JS_IsException(v))
-                    goto exception;
-            }
-            if (JS_DefinePropertyValueInt64(ctx, r, k, v,
-                                            JS_PROP_C_W_E | JS_PROP_THROW) < 0)
-                goto exception;
-        }
-    }
-    if (JS_SetProperty(ctx, r, JS_ATOM_length, JS_NewUint32(ctx, k)) < 0)
-        goto exception;
-    goto done;
-
- exception_close:
-    JS_IteratorClose(ctx, enum_obj, TRUE);
- exception:
-    JS_FreeValue(ctx, r);
-    r = JS_EXCEPTION;
- done:
-    JS_FreeValue(ctx, arrayLike);
-    JS_FreeValue(ctx, iter);
-    JS_FreeValue(ctx, enum_obj);
-    JS_FreeValue(ctx, next_method);
-    return r;
-}
-
-static JSValue js_array_of(JSContext *ctx, JSValueConst this_val,
-                           int argc, JSValueConst *argv)
-{
-    JSValue obj, args[1];
-    int i;
-
-    if (JS_IsConstructor(ctx, this_val)) {
-        args[0] = JS_NewInt32(ctx, argc);
-        obj = JS_CallConstructor(ctx, this_val, 1, (JSValueConst *)args);
-    } else {
-        obj = JS_NewArray(ctx);
-    }
-    if (JS_IsException(obj))
-        return JS_EXCEPTION;
-    for(i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
-        if (JS_CreateDataPropertyUint32(ctx, obj, i, JS_DupValue(ctx, argv[i]),
-                                        JS_PROP_THROW) < 0) {
-            goto fail;
-        }
-    }
-    if (JS_SetProperty(ctx, obj, JS_ATOM_length, JS_NewUint32(ctx, argc)) < 0) {
-    fail:
-        JS_FreeValue(ctx, obj);
-        return JS_EXCEPTION;
-    }
-    return obj;
-}
-
-static JSValue js_array_isArray(JSContext *ctx, JSValueConst this_val,
-                                int argc, JSValueConst *argv)
-{
-    int ret;
-    ret = JS_IsArray(ctx, argv[0]);
-    if (ret < 0)
-        return JS_EXCEPTION;
-    else
-        return JS_NewBool(ctx, ret);
-}
-
-static JSValue js_get_this(JSContext *ctx,
-                           JSValueConst this_val)
-{
-    return JS_DupValue(ctx, this_val);
-}
-
 static JSValue JS_ArraySpeciesCreate(JSContext *ctx, JSValueConst obj,
                                      JSValueConst len_val)
 {
@@ -29743,13 +29579,6 @@ static JSValue JS_ArraySpeciesCreate(JSContext *ctx, JSValueConst obj,
     }
 }
 
-static const JSCFunctionListEntry js_array_funcs[] = {
-    JS_CFUNC_DEF("isArray", 1, js_array_isArray ),
-    JS_CFUNC_DEF("from", 1, js_array_from ),
-    JS_CFUNC_DEF("of", 0, js_array_of ),
-    JS_CGETSET_DEF("[Symbol.species]", js_get_this, NULL ),
-};
-
 static int JS_isConcatSpreadable(JSContext *ctx, JSValueConst obj)
 {
     JSValue val;
@@ -34587,7 +34416,6 @@ done:
 
 static const JSCFunctionListEntry js_regexp_funcs[] = {
     JS_CFUNC_DEF("escape", 1, js_regexp_escape ),
-    JS_CGETSET_DEF("[Symbol.species]", js_get_this, NULL ),
 };
 
 static const JSCFunctionListEntry js_regexp_proto_funcs[] = {
@@ -35779,20 +35607,6 @@ static JSValue js_cell_number_remainder(JSContext *ctx, JSValueConst this_val,
   return JS_NewFloat64(ctx, dividend - (trunc(dividend / divisor) * divisor));
 }
 
-static const JSCFunctionListEntry js_cell_number_funcs[] = {
-  JS_CFUNC_DEF("whole", 1, js_cell_number_whole),
-  JS_CFUNC_DEF("fraction", 1, js_cell_number_fraction),
-  JS_CFUNC_DEF("floor", 2, js_cell_number_floor),
-  JS_CFUNC_DEF("ceiling", 2, js_cell_number_ceiling),
-  JS_CFUNC_DEF("abs", 1, js_cell_number_abs),
-  JS_CFUNC_DEF("round", 2, js_cell_number_round),
-  JS_CFUNC_DEF("sign", 1, js_cell_number_sign),
-  JS_CFUNC_DEF("trunc", 2, js_cell_number_trunc),
-  JS_CFUNC_DEF("min", 0, js_cell_number_min),
-  JS_CFUNC_DEF("max", 0, js_cell_number_max),
-  JS_CFUNC_DEF("remainder", 2, js_cell_number_remainder),
-};
-
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  * text function and sub-functions
  * ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
@@ -36093,22 +35907,34 @@ static JSValue js_cell_text(JSContext *ctx, JSValueConst this_val,
     if (argc == 1)
       return JS_DupValue(ctx, arg);
 
-    /* text(string, from, to) - substring */
-    if (argc >= 3) {
-      int from, to;
-      JSString *p = JS_VALUE_GET_STRING(arg);
-      int len = p->len;
+    JSString *p = JS_VALUE_GET_STRING(arg);
+    int len = p->len;
 
+    /* text(string, from) - substring from index to end */
+    /* text(string, from, to) - substring */
+    if (argc >= 2 && (JS_VALUE_GET_TAG(argv[1]) == JS_TAG_INT ||
+                      JS_VALUE_GET_TAG(argv[1]) == JS_TAG_FLOAT64)) {
+      int from;
       if (JS_ToInt32(ctx, &from, argv[1]))
         return JS_NULL;
-      if (JS_ToInt32(ctx, &to, argv[2]))
-        return JS_NULL;
 
-      /* Adjust negative indices */
+      /* Adjust negative index */
       if (from < 0) from += len;
-      if (to < 0) to += len;
+      if (from < 0) from = 0;
+      if (from > len) from = len;
 
-      if (from < 0 || from > to || to > len)
+      int to = len;  /* Default: to end of string */
+      if (argc >= 3) {
+        if (JS_ToInt32(ctx, &to, argv[2]))
+          return JS_NULL;
+
+        /* Adjust negative index */
+        if (to < 0) to += len;
+        if (to < 0) to = 0;
+        if (to > len) to = len;
+      }
+
+      if (from > to)
         return JS_NULL;
 
       return js_sub_string(ctx, p, from, to);
@@ -36644,15 +36470,6 @@ fail:
   return JS_EXCEPTION;
 }
 
-static const JSCFunctionListEntry js_cell_text_funcs[] = {
-  JS_CFUNC_DEF("lower", 1, js_cell_text_lower),
-  JS_CFUNC_DEF("upper", 1, js_cell_text_upper),
-  JS_CFUNC_DEF("trim", 2, js_cell_text_trim),
-  JS_CFUNC_DEF("codepoint", 1, js_cell_text_codepoint),
-  JS_CFUNC_DEF("search", 3, js_cell_text_search),
-  JS_CFUNC_DEF("replace", 4, js_cell_text_replace),
-};
-
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  * array function and sub-functions
  * ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
@@ -37407,14 +37224,6 @@ static JSValue js_cell_array_sort(JSContext *ctx, JSValueConst this_val,
   return result;
 }
 
-static const JSCFunctionListEntry js_cell_array_funcs[] = {
-  JS_CFUNC_DEF("reduce", 4, js_cell_array_reduce),
-  JS_CFUNC_DEF("for", 4, js_cell_array_for),
-  JS_CFUNC_DEF("find", 4, js_cell_array_find),
-  JS_CFUNC_DEF("filter", 2, js_cell_array_filter),
-  JS_CFUNC_DEF("sort", 2, js_cell_array_sort),
-};
-
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  * object function and sub-functions
  * ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
@@ -37680,10 +37489,6 @@ static JSValue js_cell_fn_apply(JSContext *ctx, JSValueConst this_val,
   return result;
 }
 
-static const JSCFunctionListEntry js_cell_fn_funcs[] = {
-  JS_CFUNC_DEF("apply", 2, js_cell_fn_apply),
-};
-
 /* ============================================================================
  * Blob Intrinsic Type
  * ============================================================================ */
@@ -39008,8 +38813,6 @@ void JS_AddIntrinsicBaseObjects(JSContext *ctx)
     obj = JS_NewGlobalCConstructor(ctx, "Array", js_array_constructor, 1,
                                    ctx->class_proto[JS_CLASS_ARRAY]);
     ctx->array_ctor = JS_DupValue(ctx, obj);
-    JS_SetPropertyFunctionList(ctx, obj, js_array_funcs,
-                               countof(js_array_funcs));
 
     /* XXX: create auto_initializer */
     {
@@ -39090,17 +38893,14 @@ void JS_AddIntrinsicBaseObjects(JSContext *ctx)
     /* Cell Script global functions: text, number, array, object, fn */
     {
         JSValue text_func = JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_text, "text", 2);
-        JS_SetPropertyFunctionList(ctx, text_func, js_cell_text_funcs, countof(js_cell_text_funcs));
         JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "text", text_func,
                                   JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
 
         JSValue number_func = JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_number, "number", 2);
-        JS_SetPropertyFunctionList(ctx, number_func, js_cell_number_funcs, countof(js_cell_number_funcs));
         JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "number", number_func,
                                   JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
 
         JSValue array_func = JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_array, "array", 4);
-        JS_SetPropertyFunctionList(ctx, array_func, js_cell_array_funcs, countof(js_cell_array_funcs));
         JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "array", array_func,
                                   JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
 
@@ -39110,7 +38910,6 @@ void JS_AddIntrinsicBaseObjects(JSContext *ctx)
                                   JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
 
         JSValue fn_obj = JS_NewObject(ctx);
-        JS_SetPropertyFunctionList(ctx, fn_obj, js_cell_fn_funcs, countof(js_cell_fn_funcs));
         JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "fn", fn_obj,
                                   JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
 
@@ -39186,6 +38985,78 @@ void JS_AddIntrinsicBaseObjects(JSContext *ctx)
                                   JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_is_proto, "is_proto", 2),
                                   JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
 
+        JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "apply",
+                                JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_fn_apply, "apply", 2),
+                                JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
+        JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "replace",
+                                  JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_text_replace, "replace", 2),
+                                  JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
+        JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "lower",
+                                  JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_text_lower, "lower", 1),
+                                  JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
+        JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "upper",
+                                  JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_text_upper, "upper", 1),
+                                  JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
+        JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "trim",
+                                  JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_text_trim, "trim", 2),
+                                  JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
+        JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "codepoint",
+                                  JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_text_codepoint, "codepoint", 1),
+                                  JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
+        JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "search",
+                                  JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_text_search, "search", 3),
+                                  JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
+        JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "reduce",
+                                  JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_array_reduce, "reduce", 4),
+                                  JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
+        JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "for",
+                                  JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_array_for, "for", 4),
+                                  JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
+        JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "find",
+                                  JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_array_find, "find", 4),
+                                  JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
+        JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "filter",
+                                  JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_array_filter, "filter", 2),
+                                  JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
+        JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "sort",
+                                  JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_array_sort, "sort", 2),
+                                  JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
+                                          
+        /* Number utility functions as globals */
+        JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "whole",
+                                  JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_number_whole, "whole", 1),
+                                  JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
+        JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "fraction",
+                                  JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_number_fraction, "fraction", 1),
+                                  JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
+        JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "floor",
+                                  JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_number_floor, "floor", 2),
+                                  JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
+        JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "ceiling",
+                                  JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_number_ceiling, "ceiling", 2),
+                                  JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
+        JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "abs",
+                                  JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_number_abs, "abs", 1),
+                                  JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
+        JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "round",
+                                  JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_number_round, "round", 2),
+                                  JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
+        JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "sign",
+                                  JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_number_sign, "sign", 1),
+                                  JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
+        JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "trunc",
+                                  JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_number_trunc, "trunc", 2),
+                                  JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
+        JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "min",
+                                  JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_number_min, "min", 0),
+                                  JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
+        JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "max",
+                                  JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_number_max, "max", 0),
+                                  JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
+        JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "remainder",
+                                  JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_number_remainder, "remainder", 2),
+                                  JS_PROP_WRITABLE | JS_PROP_CONFIGURABLE);
+
         /* reverse() - reverse an array */
         JS_DefinePropertyValueStr(ctx, ctx->global_obj, "reverse",
                                   JS_NewCFunction(ctx, js_cell_reverse, "reverse", 1),
diff --git a/test.ce b/test.ce
index 4a2e7304..79e0e9a1 100644
--- a/test.ce
+++ b/test.ce
@@ -336,14 +336,14 @@ function run_tests(package_name, specific_test) {
 
                         log.console(`    FAIL ${t.name} ${test_entry.error.message}`)
                         if (test_entry.error.stack) {
-                             log.console(`      ${test_entry.error.stack.split('\n').join('\n      ')}`)
+                             log.console(`      ${text(test_entry.error.stack.split('\n'), '\n      ')}`)
                         }
 
                         pkg_result.failed++
                         file_result.failed++
                     }
                     var end_time = time.number()
-                    test_entry.duration_ns = number.round((end_time - start_time) * 1000000000)
+                    test_entry.duration_ns = round((end_time - start_time) * 1000000000)
 
                     file_result.tests.push(test_entry)
                     pkg_result.total++
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ function handle_actor_message(msg) {
     pending_actor_tests.splice(found_idx, 1)
 
     var end_time = time.number()
-    var duration_ns = number.round((end_time - base_entry.start_time) * 1000000000)
+    var duration_ns = round((end_time - base_entry.start_time) * 1000000000)
 
     var results = []
     if (is_array(msg)) {
@@ -567,7 +567,7 @@ if (all_actor_tests.length == 0) {
 
 // Generate Reports function
 function generate_reports(totals) {
-    var timestamp = text(number.floor(time.number()))
+    var timestamp = text(floor(time.number()))
     var report_dir = shop.get_reports_dir() + '/test_' + timestamp
     ensure_dir(report_dir)
 
@@ -602,7 +602,7 @@ Total: ${totals.total}, Passed: ${totals.passed}, Failed: ${totals.failed}
                     if (t.error) {
                         txt_report += `  Message: ${t.error.message}\n`
                         if (t.error.stack) {
-                            txt_report += `  Stack:\n${t.error.stack.split('\n').map(function(l){return `    ${l}`}).join('\n')}\n`
+                            txt_report += `  Stack:\n${text(t.error.stack.split('\n').map(function(l){return `    ${l}`}), '\n')}\n`
                         }
                     }
                     txt_report += `\n`
diff --git a/tests/nota.cm b/tests/nota.cm
index a5c3c0ab..071bcb87 100644
--- a/tests/nota.cm
+++ b/tests/nota.cm
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ function deepCompare(expected, actual, path) {
     if (isNaN(expected) && isNaN(actual))
       return { passed: true, messages: [] };
     
-    var diff = number.abs(expected - actual);
+    var diff = abs(expected - actual);
     if (diff <= EPSILON)
       return { passed: true, messages: [] };
     
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ function makeTest(test) {
 
     var compareResult = deepCompare(expected, decoded);
     if (!compareResult.passed) {
-      throw compareResult.messages.join('; ');
+      throw text(compareResult.messages, '; ');
     }
   };
 }
diff --git a/tests/suite.cm b/tests/suite.cm
index c3ba6830..2324777e 100644
--- a/tests/suite.cm
+++ b/tests/suite.cm
@@ -1556,7 +1556,7 @@ return {
 
     test_array_slice: function() {
         var arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
-        var sliced = arr.slice(1, 3)
+        var sliced = array(arr, 1, 3)
         if (length(sliced) != 2) throw "array slice length failed"
         if (sliced[0] != 2) throw "array slice first failed"
         if (sliced[1] != 3) throw "array slice second failed"
@@ -1573,12 +1573,8 @@ return {
 
     test_array_join: function() {
         var arr = [1, 2, 3]
-        var caught = false
-        try {
-            var str = arr.join(",")
-        } catch (e) {
-            caught = true
-        }
+        var str = text(arr, ",")
+        if (str != "1,2,3") throw "array join with text() failed"
     },
 
     test_array_indexOf: function() {
@@ -1620,8 +1616,8 @@ return {
 
     test_string_slice: function() {
         var str = "hello"
-        if (str.slice(1, 4) != "ell") throw "string slice failed"
-        if (str.slice(-2) != "lo") throw "string slice negative failed"
+        if (text(str, 1, 4) != "ell") throw "string slice failed"
+        if (text(str, -2) != "lo") throw "string slice negative failed: " + text(str, -2)
     },
 
     test_string_indexOf: function() {
@@ -2043,8 +2039,8 @@ return {
 
     test_builtin_function_properties_still_work: function() {
         // Built-in functions like number, text, array should still have properties
-        var min_result = number.min(5, 3)
-        if (min_result != 3) throw "number.min should work"
+        var min_result = min(5, 3)
+        if (min_result != 3) throw "min should work"
     },
 
     // ============================================================================
@@ -2108,7 +2104,7 @@ return {
 
         var proxy = function(name, args) {
             if (is_function(my_record[name])) {
-                return fn.apply(my_record[name], args)
+                return apply(my_record[name], args)
             }
             throw `unknown method: ${name}`
         }
diff --git a/tests/wota.cm b/tests/wota.cm
index 6f284498..d64f68cc 100644
--- a/tests/wota.cm
+++ b/tests/wota.cm
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ function deep_compare(expected, actual, path) {
 
   if (is_number(expected) && is_number(actual)) {
     if (isNaN(expected) && isNaN(actual)) return { passed: true, messages: [] }
-    var diff = number.abs(expected - actual)
+    var diff = abs(expected - actual)
     if (diff <= EPSILON) return { passed: true, messages: [] }
     return { passed: false, messages: [`Value mismatch at ${path}: ${expected} vs ${actual} (diff ${diff})`] }
   }
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ function make_test(t) {
     var dec = wota.decode(enc)
 
     var cmp = deep_compare(t.input, dec)
-    if (!cmp.passed) throw cmp.messages.join('; ')
+    if (!cmp.passed) throw text(cmp.messages, '; ')
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/time.cm b/time.cm
index bb3a811f..11976d7b 100644
--- a/time.cm
+++ b/time.cm
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@ time.isleap = function(y) { return time.yearsize(y) == 366; };
 /* timecode utility */
 time.timecode = function(t, fps = 24)
 {
-  var s = number.whole(t);
+  var s = whole(t);
   var frac = t - s;
-  return `${s}:${number.whole(frac * fps)}`;
+  return `${s}:${whole(frac * fps)}`;
 };
 
 /* per-month day counts (non-leap) */
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ function time_record(num = now(),
 {
   if (is_object(num)) return num;
 
-  var monthdays = time.monthdays.slice();
+  var monthdays = array(time.monthdays);
   var rec = {
     second : 0,  minute : 0,  hour : 0,
     yday   : 0,  year   : 0,
@@ -77,13 +77,13 @@ function time_record(num = now(),
 
   /* split into day + seconds-of-day */
   var hms = num % time.day;
-  var day = number.floor(num / time.day);
+  var day = floor(num / time.day);
   if (hms < 0) { hms += time.day; day--; }
 
   rec.second  = hms % time.minute;
-  var tmp     = number.floor(hms / time.minute);
+  var tmp     = floor(hms / time.minute);
   rec.minute  = tmp % time.minute;
-  rec.hour    = number.floor(tmp / time.minute);
+  rec.hour    = floor(tmp / time.minute);
   rec.weekday = (day + 4_503_599_627_370_496 + 2) % 7;   /* 2 → 1970-01-01 was Thursday */
 
   /* year & day-of-year */
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ function time_text(num = now(),
   /* BCE/CE */
   var year = rec.year > 0 ? rec.year : rec.year - 1;
   if (fmt.includes("c")) {
-    if (year < 0) { year = number.abs(year); fmt = fmt.replaceAll("c", "BC"); }
+    if (year < 0) { year = abs(year); fmt = fmt.replaceAll("c", "BC"); }
     else                                   fmt = fmt.replaceAll("c", "AD");
   }
 
@@ -193,10 +193,10 @@ function time_text(num = now(),
   fmt = fmt.replaceAll(/mm[^bB]/g, rec.month + 1);
   fmt = fmt.replaceAll(/m[^bB]/g,  rec.month + 1);
   fmt = fmt.replaceAll(/v[^bB]/g,  rec.weekday);
-  fmt = fmt.replaceAll("mb", time.monthstr[rec.month].slice(0, 3));
+  fmt = fmt.replaceAll("mb", text(time.monthstr[rec.month], 0, 3));
   fmt = fmt.replaceAll("mB", time.monthstr[rec.month]);
   fmt = fmt.replaceAll("vB", time.weekdays[rec.weekday]);
-  fmt = fmt.replaceAll("vb", time.weekdays[rec.weekday].slice(0, 3));
+  fmt = fmt.replaceAll("vb", text(time.weekdays[rec.weekday], 0, 3));
 
   return fmt;
 }
diff --git a/toml.cm b/toml.cm
index 87c7377d..afe6e805 100644
--- a/toml.cm
+++ b/toml.cm
@@ -1,58 +1,88 @@
 // Simple TOML parser for cell modules
 // Supports basic TOML features needed for the module system
+//
+// Avoids regex .replace(/.../g, ...) so no global-regex state issues.
+
+function toml_unescape(s) {
+  if (!is_text(s)) return null
+  // Order matters:
+  // "\\\"" (backslash + quote) should become "\"", not just '"'
+  // So: unescape \" first, then unescape \\.
+  s = replace(s, '\\"', '"')
+  s = replace(s, '\\\\', '\\')
+  return s
+}
+
+function toml_escape(s) {
+  if (!is_text(s)) return null
+  // Order matters:
+  // escape backslashes first, otherwise escaping quotes introduces new backslashes that would get double-escaped.
+  s = replace(s, '\\', '\\\\')
+  s = replace(s, '"', '\\"')
+  return s
+}
+
+function parse_toml(toml_text) {
+  if (!is_text(toml_text)) return null
+
+  // Prefer Misty split if present; fall back to JS split.
+  var lines = array(toml_text, '\n')
+  if (lines == null) lines = toml_text.split('\n')
 
-function parse_toml(text) {
-  if (!is_text(text)) return null
-  var lines = text.split('\n')
   var result = {}
   var current_section = result
   var current_section_name = ''
-  
+
   for (var i = 0; i < lines.length; i++) {
-    var line = lines[i].trim()
-    
+    var line = trim(lines[i])
+    if (line == null) line = lines[i]
     // Skip empty lines and comments
     if (!line || line.startsWith('#')) continue
-    
+
     // Section header
     if (line.startsWith('[') && line.endsWith(']')) {
-      var section_path = parse_key_path(line.slice(1, -1))
+      var section_path = parse_key_path(text(line, 1, -1))
+      if (section_path == null) return null
+
       current_section = result
-      // Reconstruct name for debugging/legacy (not strictly needed for object construction)
-      current_section_name = section_path.join('.')
-      
+      current_section_name = text(section_path, '.')
+
       for (var j = 0; j < section_path.length; j++) {
         var key = section_path[j]
-        if (!current_section[key]) {
+
+        // Only treat null as "missing"; do not clobber false/0/""
+        if (current_section[key] == null) {
           current_section[key] = {}
+        } else if (!is_object(current_section[key])) {
+          // Scalar/table collision like: a = 1 then [a.b]
+          return null
         }
+
         current_section = current_section[key]
       }
       continue
     }
-    
+
     // Key-value pair
     var eq_index = line.indexOf('=')
     if (eq_index > 0) {
-      var key_part = line.substring(0, eq_index).trim()
-      var value = line.substring(eq_index + 1).trim()
-      
-      // Handle quoted keys in key-value pairs too if needed?
-      // For now assuming simple keys or quoted keys
+      var key_part = trim(line.substring(0, eq_index))
+      var value = trim(line.substring(eq_index + 1))
+      if (key_part == null) key_part = line.substring(0, eq_index).trim()
+      if (value == null) value = line.substring(eq_index + 1).trim()
+
       var key = parse_key(key_part)
-      
-      // Parse value
+      if (key == null) return null
+
       if (value.startsWith('"') && value.endsWith('"')) {
-        // String - unescape quotes
-        current_section[key] = value.slice(1, -1).replace(/\\"/g, '"')
+        current_section[key] = toml_unescape(text(value, 1, -1))
+        if (current_section[key] == null) return null
       } else if (value.startsWith('[') && value.endsWith(']')) {
-        // Array
         current_section[key] = parse_array(value)
+        if (current_section[key] == null) return null
       } else if (value == 'true' || value == 'false') {
-        // Boolean
         current_section[key] = value == 'true'
       } else if (is_number(value)) {
-        // Number
         current_section[key] = Number(value)
       } else {
         // Unquoted string
@@ -60,157 +90,160 @@ function parse_toml(text) {
       }
     }
   }
-  
+
   return result
 }
 
 function parse_key(str) {
-    if (str.startsWith('"') && str.endsWith('"')) {
-        return str.slice(1, -1).replace(/\\"/g, '"')
-    }
-    return str
+  if (!is_text(str)) return null
+
+  if (str.startsWith('"') && str.endsWith('"')) {
+    var inner = text(str, 1, -1)
+    return toml_unescape(inner)
+  }
+  return str
 }
 
 // Split a key path by dots, respecting quotes
 function parse_key_path(str) {
+  if (!is_text(str)) return null
+
   var parts = []
   var current = ''
   var in_quote = false
-  
+
   for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
     var c = str[i]
-    if (c == '"' && (i==0 || str[i-1] != '\\')) {
+    if (c == '"' && (i == 0 || str[i - 1] != '\\')) {
       in_quote = !in_quote
-      // We don't verify if it's strictly correct TOML quote usage, just rudimentary
     } else if (c == '.' && !in_quote) {
-      parts.push(parse_key(current.trim()))
+      var piece = trim(current)
+      if (piece == null) piece = current.trim()
+      parts.push(parse_key(piece))
       current = ''
       continue
     }
     current += c
   }
-  if (current.trim().length > 0)
-    parts.push(parse_key(current.trim()))
-    
+
+  var tail = trim(current)
+  if (tail == null) tail = current.trim()
+  if (tail.length > 0) parts.push(parse_key(tail))
+
   return parts
 }
 
 function parse_array(str) {
-  // Remove brackets
-  str = str.slice(1, -1).trim()
+  if (!is_text(str)) return null
+
+  // Remove brackets and trim
+  str = text(str, 1, -1)
+  str = trim(str)
+  if (str == null) str = text(str, 1, -1).trim()
   if (!str) return []
-  
+
   var items = []
   var current = ''
   var in_quotes = false
-  
+
   for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
-    var char = str[i]
-    
-    if (char == '"' && (i == 0 || str[i-1] != '\\')) {
+    var ch = str[i]
+
+    if (ch == '"' && (i == 0 || str[i - 1] != '\\')) {
       in_quotes = !in_quotes
-      current += char
-    } else if (char == ',' && !in_quotes) {
-      items.push(parse_value(current.trim()))
+      current += ch
+    } else if (ch == ',' && !in_quotes) {
+      var piece = trim(current)
+      if (piece == null) piece = current.trim()
+      items.push(parse_value(piece))
       current = ''
     } else {
-      current += char
+      current += ch
     }
   }
-  
-  if (current.trim()) {
-    items.push(parse_value(current.trim()))
-  }
-  
+
+  var last = trim(current)
+  if (last == null) last = current.trim()
+  if (last) items.push(parse_value(last))
+
   return items
 }
 
 function parse_value(str) {
+  if (!is_text(str)) return null
+
   if (str.startsWith('"') && str.endsWith('"')) {
-    return str.slice(1, -1).replace(/\\"/g, '"')
-  } else if (str == 'true' || str == 'false') {
-    return str == 'true'
-  } else if (!isNaN(Number(str))) {
-    return Number(str)
-  } else {
-    return str
+    return toml_unescape(text(str, 1, -1))
   }
+  if (str == 'true' || str == 'false') return str == 'true'
+
+  // Use your existing numeric test; TOML numeric formats are richer, but this keeps your "module TOML" scope.
+  if (!isNaN(Number(str))) return Number(str)
+
+  return str
 }
 
 function encode_toml(obj) {
   var result = []
-  
+
   function encode_value(value) {
-    if (is_text(value)) {
-      return '"' + value.replace(/"/g, '\\"') + '"'
-    } else if (is_logical(value)) {
-      return value ? 'true' : 'false'
-    } else if (is_number(value)) {
-      return text(value)
-    } else if (is_array(value)) {
+    if (is_text(value)) return '"' + toml_escape(value) + '"'
+    if (is_logical(value)) return value ? 'true' : 'false'
+    if (is_number(value)) return text(value)
+    if (is_array(value)) {
       var items = []
-      for (var i = 0; i < value.length; i++) {
-        items.push(encode_value(value[i]))
-      }
-      return '[' + items.join(', ') + ']'
+      for (var i = 0; i < value.length; i++) items.push(encode_value(value[i]))
+      return '[' + text(items, ', ') + ']'
     }
     return text(value)
   }
-  
+
   function quote_key(k) {
-      if (k.includes('.') || k.includes('"') || k.includes(' ')) {
-          return '"' + k.replace(/"/g, '\\"') + '"'
-      }
-      return k
+    if (k.includes('.') || k.includes('"') || k.includes(' ')) {
+      return '"' + toml_escape(k) + '"'
+    }
+    return k
   }
-  
+
   // First pass: encode top-level simple values
   var keys = array(obj)
   for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
     var key = keys[i]
     var value = obj[key]
-    if (!is_object(value)) {
-      result.push(quote_key(key) + ' = ' + encode_value(value))
-    }
+    if (!is_object(value)) result.push(quote_key(key) + ' = ' + encode_value(value))
   }
-  
+
   // Second pass: encode nested objects
-  function encode_section(obj, path) {
-    var keys = array(obj)
-    
+  function encode_section(o, path) {
+    var keys = array(o)
     for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
       var key = keys[i]
-      var value = obj[key]
-      
+      var value = o[key]
+
       if (is_object(value)) {
-        // Nested object - create section
-        // We MUST quote the key segment if it has dots, otherwise it becomes a nested table path
         var quoted = quote_key(key)
         var section_path = path ? path + '.' + quoted : quoted
-        
         result.push('[' + section_path + ']')
-        
-        // First encode direct properties of this section
+
+        // Direct properties
         var section_keys = array(value)
         for (var j = 0; j < section_keys.length; j++) {
           var sk = section_keys[j]
           var sv = value[sk]
-          if (!is_object(sv)) {
-            result.push(quote_key(sk) + ' = ' + encode_value(sv))
-          }
+          if (!is_object(sv)) result.push(quote_key(sk) + ' = ' + encode_value(sv))
         }
-        
-        // Then encode nested sections
+
+        // Nested sections
         encode_section(value, section_path)
       }
     }
   }
-  
+
   encode_section(obj, '')
-  return result.join('\n')
+  return text(result, '\n')
 }
 
 return {
   decode: parse_toml,
   encode: encode_toml
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}