add benchmarks

2025-06-14 17:02:36 -05:00
parent 38a52fcb73
commit fa12281ab9
11 changed files with 863 additions and 42 deletions
--- a/benchmarks/binarytree.ce
+++ b/benchmarks/binarytree.ce
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+function mainThread() {
+  var maxDepth = Math.max(6, Number(arg[0] || 16));
+
+  var stretchDepth = maxDepth + 1;
+  var check = itemCheck(bottomUpTree(stretchDepth));
+  log.console(`stretch tree of depth ${stretchDepth}\t check: ${check}`);
+
+  var longLivedTree = bottomUpTree(maxDepth);
+
+  for (let depth = 4; depth <= maxDepth; depth += 2) {
+    var iterations = 1 << maxDepth - depth + 4;
+    work(iterations, depth);
+  }
+
+  log.console(`long lived tree of depth ${maxDepth}\t check: ${itemCheck(longLivedTree)}`);
+}
+
+function work(iterations, depth) {
+  let check = 0;
+  for (let i = 0; i < iterations; i++)
+    check += itemCheck(bottomUpTree(depth));
+  log.console(`${iterations}\t trees of depth ${depth}\t check: ${check}`);
+}
+
+function TreeNode(left, right) {
+    return {left, right};
+}
+
+function itemCheck(node) {
+  if (node.left === null)
+    return 1;
+  return 1 + itemCheck(node.left) + itemCheck(node.right);
+}
+
+function bottomUpTree(depth) {
+  return depth > 0
+    ? new TreeNode(bottomUpTree(depth - 1), bottomUpTree(depth - 1))
+    : new TreeNode(null, null);
+}
+
+mainThread()
+
+$_.stop()
--- a/benchmarks/eratosthenes.ce
+++ b/benchmarks/eratosthenes.ce
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+var blob = use('blob')
+
+function eratosthenes (n) {
+  var sieve = new blob(n, true)
+  var sqrtN = Math.trunc(Math.sqrt(n));
+
+  for (i = 2; i <= sqrtN; i++)
+    if (sieve.read_logical(i))
+      for (j = i * i; j <= n; j += i)
+          sieve.write_bit(j, false);
+          
+  return sieve;
+}
+
+var sieve = eratosthenes(10000000);
+stone(sieve)
+
+var c = 0
+for (var i = 0; i < sieve.length; i++)
+  if (sieve.read_logical(i)) c++
+  
+log.console(c)
+
+$_.stop()
--- a/benchmarks/fannkuch.ce
+++ b/benchmarks/fannkuch.ce
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+function fannkuch(n) {
+   var perm1 = [n]   
+   for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) perm1[i] = i      
+   var perm = [n]
+   var count = [n]       
+   var f = 0, flips = 0, nperm = 0, checksum = 0      
+   var i, k, r      
+  
+   r = n
+   while (r > 0) { 
+      i = 0  
+      while (r != 1) { count[r-1] = r; r -= 1 }   
+      while (i < n) { perm[i] = perm1[i]; i += 1 }     
+        
+      // Count flips and update max and checksum
+      f = 0
+      k = perm[0]  
+      while (k != 0) {
+         i = 0  
+         while (2*i < k) {          
+            let t = perm[i]; perm[i] = perm[k-i]; perm[k-i] = t  
+            i += 1           
+         }
+         k = perm[0]
+         f += 1   
+      }         
+      if (f > flips) flips = f         
+      if ((nperm & 0x1) == 0) checksum += f; else checksum -= f
+   
+      // Use incremental change to generate another permutation   
+      var more = true
+      while (more) {   
+         if (r == n) {
+            log.console( checksum )               
+            return flips 
+         }
+         let p0 = perm1[0]
+         i = 0
+         while (i < r) {
+            let j = i + 1
+            perm1[i] = perm1[j]
+            i = j            
+         }
+         perm1[r] = p0 
+         
+         count[r] -= 1        
+         if (count[r] > 0) more = false; else r += 1 
+      }
+      nperm += 1
+   }
+   return flips;      
+}
+   
+var n = arg[0] || 10
+       
+log.console(`Pfannkuchen(${n}) = ${fannkuch(n)}`)
+
+$_.stop()
--- a/benchmarks/hyperfine_wota_nota_json.sh
+++ b/benchmarks/hyperfine_wota_nota_json.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Run hyperfine with parameter lists
+# This will create a cross-product of all libraries × all scenarios
+hyperfine \
+--warmup 3 \
+--runs 20 \
+-i \
+--export-csv      wota_vs_nota_vs_json.csv \
+--export-json     wota_vs_nota_vs_json.json \
+--export-markdown wota_vs_nota_vs_json.md \
+--parameter-list lib  wota,nota,json \
+--parameter-list scen empty,integers,floats,strings,objects,nested,large_array \
+'cell benchmarks/wota_nota_json {lib} {scen}'
+
+
+echo "Benchmark complete! Results saved to:"
+echo "  - wota_vs_nota_vs_json.csv"
+echo "  - wota_vs_nota_vs_json.json"
+echo "  - wota_vs_nota_vs_json.md"
--- a/benchmarks/js_perf.ce
+++ b/benchmarks/js_perf.ce
@@ -0,0 +1,395 @@
+var time = use('time')
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// JavaScript Performance Benchmark Suite
+// Tests core JS operations: property access, function calls, arithmetic, etc.
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// Test configurations
+const iterations = {
+  simple: 10000000,
+  medium: 1000000,
+  complex: 100000
+};
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Utility: measureTime(fn) => how long fn() takes in seconds
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+function measureTime(fn) {
+  var start = time.number();
+  fn();
+  var end = time.number();
+  return (end - start);
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Benchmark: Property Access
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+function benchPropertyAccess() {
+  var obj = {
+    a: 1, b: 2, c: 3, d: 4, e: 5,
+    nested: { x: 10, y: 20, z: 30 }
+  };
+  
+  var readTime = measureTime(function() {
+    var sum = 0;
+    for (var i = 0; i < iterations.simple; i++) {
+      sum += obj.a + obj.b + obj.c + obj.d + obj.e;
+      sum += obj.nested.x + obj.nested.y + obj.nested.z;
+    }
+  });
+  
+  var writeTime = measureTime(function() {
+    for (var i = 0; i < iterations.simple; i++) {
+      obj.a = i;
+      obj.b = i + 1;
+      obj.c = i + 2;
+      obj.nested.x = i * 2;
+      obj.nested.y = i * 3;
+    }
+  });
+  
+  return { readTime: readTime, writeTime: writeTime };
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Benchmark: Function Calls
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+function benchFunctionCalls() {
+  function add(a, b) { return a + b; }
+  function multiply(a, b) { return a * b; }
+  function complexCalc(a, b, c) { return (a + b) * c / 2; }
+  
+  var obj = {
+    method: function(x) { return x * 2; },
+    nested: {
+      deepMethod: function(x, y) { return x + y; }
+    }
+  };
+  
+  var simpleCallTime = measureTime(function() {
+    var result = 0;
+    for (var i = 0; i < iterations.simple; i++) {
+      result = add(i, 1);
+      result = multiply(result, 2);
+    }
+  });
+  
+  var methodCallTime = measureTime(function() {
+    var result = 0;
+    for (var i = 0; i < iterations.simple; i++) {
+      result = obj.method(i);
+      result = obj.nested.deepMethod(result, i);
+    }
+  });
+  
+  var complexCallTime = measureTime(function() {
+    var result = 0;
+    for (var i = 0; i < iterations.medium; i++) {
+      result = complexCalc(i, i + 1, i + 2);
+    }
+  });
+  
+  return {
+    simpleCallTime: simpleCallTime,
+    methodCallTime: methodCallTime,
+    complexCallTime: complexCallTime
+  };
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Benchmark: Array Operations
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+function benchArrayOps() {
+  var pushTime = measureTime(function() {
+    var arr = [];
+    for (var i = 0; i < iterations.medium; i++) {
+      arr.push(i);
+    }
+  });
+  
+  var arr = [];
+  for (var i = 0; i < 10000; i++) arr.push(i);
+  
+  var accessTime = measureTime(function() {
+    var sum = 0;
+    for (var i = 0; i < iterations.medium; i++) {
+      sum += arr[i % 10000];
+    }
+  });
+  
+  var iterateTime = measureTime(function() {
+    var sum = 0;
+    for (var j = 0; j < 1000; j++) {
+      for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+        sum += arr[i];
+      }
+    }
+  });
+  
+  return {
+    pushTime: pushTime,
+    accessTime: accessTime,
+    iterateTime: iterateTime
+  };
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Benchmark: Object Creation
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+function benchObjectCreation() {
+  var literalTime = measureTime(function() {
+    for (var i = 0; i < iterations.medium; i++) {
+      var obj = { x: i, y: i * 2, z: i * 3 };
+    }
+  });
+  
+  function Point(x, y) {
+    this.x = x;
+    this.y = y;
+  }
+  
+  var constructorTime = measureTime(function() {
+    for (var i = 0; i < iterations.medium; i++) {
+      var p = new Point(i, i * 2);
+    }
+  });
+  
+  var protoObj = {
+    x: 0,
+    y: 0,
+    move: function(dx, dy) {
+      this.x += dx;
+      this.y += dy;
+    }
+  };
+  
+  var prototypeTime = measureTime(function() {
+    for (var i = 0; i < iterations.medium; i++) {
+      var obj = Object.create(protoObj);
+      obj.x = i;
+      obj.y = i * 2;
+    }
+  });
+  
+  return {
+    literalTime: literalTime,
+    constructorTime: constructorTime,
+    prototypeTime: prototypeTime
+  };
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Benchmark: String Operations
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+function benchStringOps() {
+  var concatTime = measureTime(function() {
+    var str = "";
+    for (var i = 0; i < iterations.complex; i++) {
+      str = "test" + i + "value";
+    }
+  });
+  
+  var strings = [];
+  for (var i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+    strings.push("string" + i);
+  }
+  
+  var joinTime = measureTime(function() {
+    for (var i = 0; i < iterations.complex; i++) {
+      var result = strings.join(",");
+    }
+  });
+  
+  var splitTime = measureTime(function() {
+    var str = "a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p";
+    for (var i = 0; i < iterations.medium; i++) {
+      var parts = str.split(",");
+    }
+  });
+  
+  return {
+    concatTime: concatTime,
+    joinTime: joinTime,
+    splitTime: splitTime
+  };
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Benchmark: Arithmetic Operations
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+function benchArithmetic() {
+  var intMathTime = measureTime(function() {
+    var result = 1;
+    for (var i = 0; i < iterations.simple; i++) {
+      result = ((result + i) * 2 - 1) / 3;
+      result = result % 1000 + 1;
+    }
+  });
+  
+  var floatMathTime = measureTime(function() {
+    var result = 1.5;
+    for (var i = 0; i < iterations.simple; i++) {
+      result = Math.sin(result) + Math.cos(i * 0.01);
+      result = Math.sqrt(Math.abs(result)) + 0.1;
+    }
+  });
+  
+  var bitwiseTime = measureTime(function() {
+    var result = 0;
+    for (var i = 0; i < iterations.simple; i++) {
+      result = (result ^ i) & 0xFFFF;
+      result = (result << 1) | (result >> 15);
+    }
+  });
+  
+  return {
+    intMathTime: intMathTime,
+    floatMathTime: floatMathTime,
+    bitwiseTime: bitwiseTime
+  };
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Benchmark: Closure Operations
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+function benchClosures() {
+  function makeAdder(x) {
+    return function(y) { return x + y; };
+  }
+  
+  var closureCreateTime = measureTime(function() {
+    var funcs = [];
+    for (var i = 0; i < iterations.medium; i++) {
+      funcs.push(makeAdder(i));
+    }
+  });
+  
+  var adders = [];
+  for (var i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+    adders.push(makeAdder(i));
+  }
+  
+  var closureCallTime = measureTime(function() {
+    var sum = 0;
+    for (var i = 0; i < iterations.medium; i++) {
+      sum += adders[i % 1000](i);
+    }
+  });
+  
+  return {
+    closureCreateTime: closureCreateTime,
+    closureCallTime: closureCallTime
+  };
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Main benchmark runner
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+log.console("JavaScript Performance Benchmark");
+log.console("================================\n");
+
+// Property Access
+log.console("BENCHMARK: Property Access");
+var propResults = benchPropertyAccess();
+log.console("  Read time:  " + propResults.readTime.toFixed(3) + "s => " + 
+           (iterations.simple / propResults.readTime).toFixed(1) + " reads/sec [" +
+           (propResults.readTime / iterations.simple * 1e9).toFixed(1) + " ns/op]");
+log.console("  Write time: " + propResults.writeTime.toFixed(3) + "s => " + 
+           (iterations.simple / propResults.writeTime).toFixed(1) + " writes/sec [" +
+           (propResults.writeTime / iterations.simple * 1e9).toFixed(1) + " ns/op]");
+log.console("");
+
+// Function Calls
+log.console("BENCHMARK: Function Calls");
+var funcResults = benchFunctionCalls();
+log.console("  Simple calls: " + funcResults.simpleCallTime.toFixed(3) + "s => " + 
+           (iterations.simple / funcResults.simpleCallTime).toFixed(1) + " calls/sec [" +
+           (funcResults.simpleCallTime / iterations.simple * 1e9).toFixed(1) + " ns/op]");
+log.console("  Method calls: " + funcResults.methodCallTime.toFixed(3) + "s => " + 
+           (iterations.simple / funcResults.methodCallTime).toFixed(1) + " calls/sec [" +
+           (funcResults.methodCallTime / iterations.simple * 1e9).toFixed(1) + " ns/op]");
+log.console("  Complex calls: " + funcResults.complexCallTime.toFixed(3) + "s => " + 
+           (iterations.medium / funcResults.complexCallTime).toFixed(1) + " calls/sec [" +
+           (funcResults.complexCallTime / iterations.medium * 1e9).toFixed(1) + " ns/op]");
+log.console("");
+
+// Array Operations
+log.console("BENCHMARK: Array Operations");
+var arrayResults = benchArrayOps();
+log.console("  Push: " + arrayResults.pushTime.toFixed(3) + "s => " + 
+           (iterations.medium / arrayResults.pushTime).toFixed(1) + " pushes/sec [" +
+           (arrayResults.pushTime / iterations.medium * 1e9).toFixed(1) + " ns/op]");
+log.console("  Access: " + arrayResults.accessTime.toFixed(3) + "s => " + 
+           (iterations.medium / arrayResults.accessTime).toFixed(1) + " accesses/sec [" +
+           (arrayResults.accessTime / iterations.medium * 1e9).toFixed(1) + " ns/op]");
+log.console("  Iterate: " + arrayResults.iterateTime.toFixed(3) + "s => " + 
+           (1000 / arrayResults.iterateTime).toFixed(1) + " full iterations/sec");
+log.console("");
+
+// Object Creation
+log.console("BENCHMARK: Object Creation");
+var objResults = benchObjectCreation();
+log.console("  Literal: " + objResults.literalTime.toFixed(3) + "s => " + 
+           (iterations.medium / objResults.literalTime).toFixed(1) + " creates/sec [" +
+           (objResults.literalTime / iterations.medium * 1e9).toFixed(1) + " ns/op]");
+log.console("  Constructor: " + objResults.constructorTime.toFixed(3) + "s => " + 
+           (iterations.medium / objResults.constructorTime).toFixed(1) + " creates/sec [" +
+           (objResults.constructorTime / iterations.medium * 1e9).toFixed(1) + " ns/op]");
+log.console("  Prototype: " + objResults.prototypeTime.toFixed(3) + "s => " + 
+           (iterations.medium / objResults.prototypeTime).toFixed(1) + " creates/sec [" +
+           (objResults.prototypeTime / iterations.medium * 1e9).toFixed(1) + " ns/op]");
+log.console("");
+
+// String Operations
+log.console("BENCHMARK: String Operations");
+var strResults = benchStringOps();
+log.console("  Concat: " + strResults.concatTime.toFixed(3) + "s => " + 
+           (iterations.complex / strResults.concatTime).toFixed(1) + " concats/sec [" +
+           (strResults.concatTime / iterations.complex * 1e9).toFixed(1) + " ns/op]");
+log.console("  Join: " + strResults.joinTime.toFixed(3) + "s => " + 
+           (iterations.complex / strResults.joinTime).toFixed(1) + " joins/sec [" +
+           (strResults.joinTime / iterations.complex * 1e9).toFixed(1) + " ns/op]");
+log.console("  Split: " + strResults.splitTime.toFixed(3) + "s => " + 
+           (iterations.medium / strResults.splitTime).toFixed(1) + " splits/sec [" +
+           (strResults.splitTime / iterations.medium * 1e9).toFixed(1) + " ns/op]");
+log.console("");
+
+// Arithmetic Operations
+log.console("BENCHMARK: Arithmetic Operations");
+var mathResults = benchArithmetic();
+log.console("  Integer math: " + mathResults.intMathTime.toFixed(3) + "s => " + 
+           (iterations.simple / mathResults.intMathTime).toFixed(1) + " ops/sec [" +
+           (mathResults.intMathTime / iterations.simple * 1e9).toFixed(1) + " ns/op]");
+log.console("  Float math: " + mathResults.floatMathTime.toFixed(3) + "s => " + 
+           (iterations.simple / mathResults.floatMathTime).toFixed(1) + " ops/sec [" +
+           (mathResults.floatMathTime / iterations.simple * 1e9).toFixed(1) + " ns/op]");
+log.console("  Bitwise: " + mathResults.bitwiseTime.toFixed(3) + "s => " + 
+           (iterations.simple / mathResults.bitwiseTime).toFixed(1) + " ops/sec [" +
+           (mathResults.bitwiseTime / iterations.simple * 1e9).toFixed(1) + " ns/op]");
+log.console("");
+
+// Closures
+log.console("BENCHMARK: Closures");
+var closureResults = benchClosures();
+log.console("  Create: " + closureResults.closureCreateTime.toFixed(3) + "s => " + 
+           (iterations.medium / closureResults.closureCreateTime).toFixed(1) + " creates/sec [" +
+           (closureResults.closureCreateTime / iterations.medium * 1e9).toFixed(1) + " ns/op]");
+log.console("  Call: " + closureResults.closureCallTime.toFixed(3) + "s => " + 
+           (iterations.medium / closureResults.closureCallTime).toFixed(1) + " calls/sec [" +
+           (closureResults.closureCallTime / iterations.medium * 1e9).toFixed(1) + " ns/op]");
+log.console("");
+
+log.console("---------------------------------------------------------");
+log.console("Benchmark complete.\n");
+
+$_.stop()
--- a/benchmarks/mandelbrot.ce
+++ b/benchmarks/mandelbrot.ce
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+var blob = use('blob')
+
+var iter = 50, limit = 2.0;
+var zr, zi, cr, ci, tr, ti;
+
+var h = Number(arg[0]) || 500
+var w = h
+
+log.console(`P4\n${w} ${h}`);
+
+for (let y = 0; y < h; ++y) {
+  // Create a blob for the row - we need w bits
+  var row = new blob(w);
+
+  for (let x = 0; x < w; ++x) {
+    zr = zi = tr = ti = 0;
+    cr = 2 * x / w - 1.5;
+    ci = 2 * y / h - 1;
+    for (let i = 0; i < iter && (tr + ti <= limit * limit); ++i) {
+      zi = 2 * zr * zi + ci;
+      zr = tr - ti + cr;
+      tr = zr * zr;
+      ti = zi * zi;
+    }
+
+    // Write a 1 bit if inside the set, 0 if outside
+    if (tr + ti <= limit * limit)
+      row.write_bit(1);
+    else
+      row.write_bit(0);
+  }
+  
+  // Convert the blob to stone (immutable) to prepare for output
+  stone(row)
+  
+  // Output the blob data as raw bytes
+  log.console(text(row, 'b'));  
+}
+
+$_.stop()
--- a/benchmarks/montecarlo.ce
+++ b/benchmarks/montecarlo.ce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+var N = 10000000;
+var num = 0;
+for (var i = 0; i < N; i ++) {
+  var x = 2 * $_.random();
+  var y = $_.random();
+  if (y < Math.sin(x * x))
+    num++;
+}
+log.console(2 * num / N);
+
+$_.stop()
--- a/benchmarks/nbody.ce
+++ b/benchmarks/nbody.ce
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+var PI = Math.PI;
+var SOLAR_MASS = 4 * PI * PI;
+var DAYS_PER_YEAR = 365.24;
+
+function Body(x, y, z, vx, vy, vz, mass) {
+    this.x = x;
+    this.y = y;
+    this.z = z;
+    this.vx = vx;
+    this.vy = vy;
+    this.vz = vz;
+    this.mass = mass;
+}
+
+function Jupiter() {
+    return new Body(
+        4.84143144246472090e+00,
+        -1.16032004402742839e+00,
+        -1.03622044471123109e-01,
+        1.66007664274403694e-03 * DAYS_PER_YEAR,
+        7.69901118419740425e-03 * DAYS_PER_YEAR,
+        -6.90460016972063023e-05 * DAYS_PER_YEAR,
+        9.54791938424326609e-04 * SOLAR_MASS
+    );
+}
+
+function Saturn() {
+    return new Body(
+        8.34336671824457987e+00,
+        4.12479856412430479e+00,
+        -4.03523417114321381e-01,
+        -2.76742510726862411e-03 * DAYS_PER_YEAR,
+        4.99852801234917238e-03 * DAYS_PER_YEAR,
+        2.30417297573763929e-05 * DAYS_PER_YEAR,
+        2.85885980666130812e-04 * SOLAR_MASS
+    );
+}
+
+function Uranus() {
+    return new Body(
+        1.28943695621391310e+01,
+        -1.51111514016986312e+01,
+        -2.23307578892655734e-01,
+        2.96460137564761618e-03 * DAYS_PER_YEAR,
+        2.37847173959480950e-03 * DAYS_PER_YEAR,
+        -2.96589568540237556e-05 * DAYS_PER_YEAR,
+        4.36624404335156298e-05 * SOLAR_MASS
+    );
+}
+
+function Neptune() {
+    return new Body(
+        1.53796971148509165e+01,
+        -2.59193146099879641e+01,
+        1.79258772950371181e-01,
+        2.68067772490389322e-03 * DAYS_PER_YEAR,
+        1.62824170038242295e-03 * DAYS_PER_YEAR,
+        -9.51592254519715870e-05 * DAYS_PER_YEAR,
+        5.15138902046611451e-05 * SOLAR_MASS
+    );
+}
+
+function Sun() {
+    return new Body(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, SOLAR_MASS);
+}
+
+var bodies = Array(Sun(), Jupiter(), Saturn(), Uranus(), Neptune());
+
+function offsetMomentum() {
+    let px = 0;
+    let py = 0;
+    let pz = 0;
+    var size = bodies.length;
+    for (let i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+        var body = bodies[i];
+        var mass = body.mass;
+        px += body.vx * mass;
+        py += body.vy * mass;
+        pz += body.vz * mass;
+    }
+
+    var body = bodies[0];
+    body.vx = -px / SOLAR_MASS;
+    body.vy = -py / SOLAR_MASS;
+    body.vz = -pz / SOLAR_MASS;
+}
+
+function advance(dt) {
+    var size = bodies.length;
+
+    for (let i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+        var bodyi = bodies[i];
+        let vxi = bodyi.vx;
+        let vyi = bodyi.vy;
+        let vzi = bodyi.vz;
+        for (let j = i + 1; j < size; j++) {
+            var bodyj = bodies[j];
+            var dx = bodyi.x - bodyj.x;
+            var dy = bodyi.y - bodyj.y;
+            var dz = bodyi.z - bodyj.z;
+
+            var d2 = dx * dx + dy * dy + dz * dz;
+            var mag = dt / (d2 * Math.sqrt(d2));
+
+            var massj = bodyj.mass;
+            vxi -= dx * massj * mag;
+            vyi -= dy * massj * mag;
+            vzi -= dz * massj * mag;
+
+            var massi = bodyi.mass;
+            bodyj.vx += dx * massi * mag;
+            bodyj.vy += dy * massi * mag;
+            bodyj.vz += dz * massi * mag;
+        }
+        bodyi.vx = vxi;
+        bodyi.vy = vyi;
+        bodyi.vz = vzi;
+    }
+
+    for (let i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+        var body = bodies[i];
+        body.x += dt * body.vx;
+        body.y += dt * body.vy;
+        body.z += dt * body.vz;
+    }
+}
+
+function energy() {
+    let e = 0;
+    var size = bodies.length;
+
+    for (let i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+        var bodyi = bodies[i];
+
+        e += 0.5 * bodyi.mass * ( bodyi.vx * bodyi.vx + 
+            bodyi.vy * bodyi.vy + bodyi.vz * bodyi.vz );
+
+        for (let j = i + 1; j < size; j++) {
+            var bodyj = bodies[j];
+            var dx = bodyi.x - bodyj.x;
+            var dy = bodyi.y - bodyj.y;
+            var dz = bodyi.z - bodyj.z;
+
+            var distance = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy + dz * dz);
+            e -= (bodyi.mass * bodyj.mass) / distance;
+        }
+    }
+    return e;
+}
+
+var n = arg[0] || 1000000
+
+offsetMomentum();
+
+log.console(`n = ${n}`)
+log.console(energy().toFixed(9))
+for (let i = 0; i < n; i++)
+    advance(0.01);
+log.console(energy().toFixed(9))
+
+$_.stop()
--- a/benchmarks/spectral-norm.ce
+++ b/benchmarks/spectral-norm.ce
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+function A(i,j) {
+  return 1/((i+j)*(i+j+1)/2+i+1);
+}
+
+function Au(u,v) {
+  for (var i=0; i<u.length; ++i) {
+    var t = 0;
+    for (var j=0; j<u.length; ++j)
+      t += A(i,j) * u[j];
+      
+    v[i] = t;
+  }
+}
+
+function Atu(u,v) {
+  for (var i=0; i<u.length; ++i) {
+    var t = 0;
+    for (var j=0; j<u.length; ++j)
+      t += A(j,i) * u[j];
+      
+    v[i] = t;
+  }
+}
+
+function AtAu(u,v,w) {
+  Au(u,w);
+  Atu(w,v);
+}
+
+function spectralnorm(n) {
+  var i, u=[], v=[], w=[], vv=0, vBv=0;
+  for (i=0; i<n; ++i)
+    u[i] = 1; v[i] = w[i] = 0; 
+
+  for (i=0; i<10; ++i) {
+    AtAu(u,v,w);
+    AtAu(v,u,w);
+  }
+  
+  for (i=0; i<n; ++i) {
+    vBv += u[i]*v[i];
+    vv  += v[i]*v[i];
+  }
+  
+  return Math.sqrt(vBv/vv);
+}
+
+log.console(spectralnorm(arg[0]).toFixed(9));
+
+$_.stop()
--- a/benchmarks/wota_nota_json.ce
+++ b/benchmarks/wota_nota_json.ce
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 // benchmark_wota_nota_json.js
 //
 // Usage in QuickJS:
-//    qjs benchmark_wota_nota_json.js
+//    qjs benchmark_wota_nota_json.js <LibraryName> <ScenarioName>
 //
 // Ensure wota, nota, json, and os are all available, e.g.:
    var wota = use('wota');
@@ -12,34 +12,43 @@
    var os   = use('os');
 //

+// Parse command line arguments
+if (arg.length !== 2) {
+  log.console('Usage: cell benchmark_wota_nota_json.ce <LibraryName> <ScenarioName>');
+  $_.stop()
+}
+
+var lib_name = arg[0];
+var scenario_name = arg[1];
+
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-// 1. Setup "libraries" array to easily switch among Wota, Nota, and JSON
+// 1. Setup "libraries" array to easily switch among wota, nota, and json
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

 const libraries = [
  {
-    name: "Wota",
+    name: "wota",
    encode: wota.encode,
    decode: wota.decode,
-    // Wota produces an ArrayBuffer. We'll count `buffer.byteLength` as size.
+    // wota produces an ArrayBuffer. We'll count `buffer.byteLength` as size.
    getSize(encoded) {
      return encoded.length;
    }
  },
  {
-    name: "Nota",
+    name: "nota",
    encode: nota.encode,
    decode: nota.decode,
-    // Nota also produces an ArrayBuffer:
+    // nota also produces an ArrayBuffer:
    getSize(encoded) {
      return encoded.length;
    }
  },
  {
-    name: "JSON",
+    name: "json",
    encode: json.encode,
    decode: json.decode,
-    // JSON produces a JS string. We'll measure its UTF-16 code unit length
+    // json produces a JS string. We'll measure its UTF-16 code unit length
    // as a rough "size". Alternatively, you could convert to UTF-8 for
    // a more accurate byte size. Here we just use `string.length`.
    getSize(encodedStr) {
@@ -55,27 +64,27 @@ const libraries = [

 const benchmarks = [
  {
-    name: "Empty object",
+    name: "empty",
    data: [{}, {}, {}, {}],
    iterations: 10000
  },
  {
-    name: "Small Integers",
+    name: "integers",
    data: [0, 42, -1, 2023],
    iterations: 100000
  },
  {
-    name: "Floating point",
+    name: "floats",
    data: [0.1, 1e-50, 3.14159265359],
    iterations: 100000
  },
  {
-    name: "Strings (short, emoji)",
-    data: ["Hello, Wota!", "short", "Emoji: \u{1f600}\u{1f64f}"],
+    name: "strings",
+    data: ["Hello, wota!", "short", "Emoji: \u{1f600}\u{1f64f}"],
    iterations: 100000
  },
  {
-    name: "Small Objects",
+    name: "objects",
    data: [
      { a:1, b:2.2, c:"3", d:false },
      { x:42, y:null, z:"test" }
@@ -83,12 +92,12 @@ const benchmarks = [
    iterations: 50000
  },
  {
-    name: "Nested Arrays",
+    name: "nested",
    data: [ [ [ [1,2], [3,4] ] ], [[[]]], [1, [2, [3, [4]]]] ],
    iterations: 50000
  },
  {
-    name: "Large Array (1k integers)",
+    name: "large_array",
    data: [ Array.from({length:1000}, (_, i) => i) ],
    iterations: 1000
  },
@@ -109,7 +118,7 @@ function measureTime(fn) {
 // 4. For each library, we run each benchmark scenario and measure:
 //    - Encoding time (seconds)
 //    - Decoding time (seconds)
-//    - Total encoded size (bytes or code units for JSON)
+//    - Total encoded size (bytes or code units for json)
 //
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

@@ -153,33 +162,43 @@ function runBenchmarkForLibrary(lib, bench) {
 }

 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-// 5. Main driver: run across all benchmarks, for each library.
+// 5. Main driver: run only the specified library and scenario
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

-log.console("Benchmark: Wota vs Nota vs JSON");
-log.console("================================\n");
+// Find the requested library and scenario
+var lib = libraries.find(l => l.name === lib_name);
+var bench = benchmarks.find(b => b.name === scenario_name);

-for (let bench of benchmarks) {
-  log.console(`SCENARIO: ${bench.name}`);
-  log.console(`  Data length: ${bench.data.length} | Iterations: ${bench.iterations}\n`);
-  
-  for (let lib of libraries) {
-    let { encodeTime, decodeTime, totalSize } = runBenchmarkForLibrary(lib, bench);
-    
-    // We'll compute total operations = bench.iterations * bench.data.length
-    let totalOps = bench.iterations * bench.data.length;
-    let encOpsPerSec = (totalOps / encodeTime).toFixed(1);
-    let decOpsPerSec = (totalOps / decodeTime).toFixed(1);
-    
-    log.console(`  ${lib.name}:`);
-    log.console(`    Encode time: ${encodeTime.toFixed(3)}s  => ${encOpsPerSec} encodes/sec [${(encodeTime/bench.iterations)*1000000000} ns/try]`);
-    log.console(`    Decode time: ${decodeTime.toFixed(3)}s  => ${decOpsPerSec} decodes/sec [${(decodeTime/bench.iterations)*1000000000}/try]`);
-    log.console(`    Total size:  ${totalSize} bytes (or code units for JSON)`);
-    log.console("");
-  }
-  log.console("---------------------------------------------------------\n");
+if (!lib) {
+  log.console('Unknown library:', lib_name);
+  log.console('Available libraries:', libraries.map(l => l.name).join(', '));
+  $_.stop()
 }

-log.console("Benchmark complete.\n");
+if (!bench) {
+  log.console('Unknown scenario:', scenario_name);
+  log.console('Available scenarios:', benchmarks.map(b => b.name).join(', '));
+  $_.stop()
+}

-os.exit()
+// Run the benchmark for this library/scenario combination
+var { encodeTime, decodeTime, totalSize } = runBenchmarkForLibrary(lib, bench);
+
+// Output json for easy parsing by hyperfine or other tools
+var totalOps = bench.iterations * bench.data.length;
+var result = {
+  lib: lib_name,
+  scenario: scenario_name,
+  encodeTime: encodeTime,
+  decodeTime: decodeTime,
+  totalSize: totalSize,
+  totalOps: totalOps,
+  encodeOpsPerSec: totalOps / encodeTime,
+  decodeOpsPerSec: totalOps / decodeTime,
+  encodeNsPerOp: (encodeTime / totalOps) * 1e9,
+  decodeNsPerOp: (decodeTime / totalOps) * 1e9
+};
+
+log.console(json.encode(result));
+
+$_.stop()
--- a/cell.md
+++ b/cell.md
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ do loop {

 rename instanceof to 'is'

-remove undefined; all is 'null' now
+remove undefined; all are 'null' now

 remove 'delete'; to remove a field, assign it to null